SMAW welding is a technique by using an electric current flow and arc-shaped electrode webbed. Other types of arc welding with an electric current is SAW submerged arc welding, gas metal arc welding GMAW-MIG, gas tungsten arc welding and plasma arc G. This Occurs in the SMAW welding electrode gas when it melts wrap membrane, so the process is not required pressure / pressure inert gas to displace the oxygen or water can cause corrosion or bubbles in the weld-weld. Prose welding Occurs Because the electric current flowing Between the electrodes and welding material forming the heat so it can reach 3000 ° C, Thus Spake making the electrode and the material to be welded to melt. Based on its current type, welding is Divided into AC and DC current, the which flows straight polarity DC-Divided into direct and reverse polarity polarity - polarity reversed. Welding machine was Divided into two types, namely constant current - constant voltage and current fixed - fixed voltage, which in any arc welding electric current in the event of an enlarged bow will lower and raise the voltage and current in the shortened arc current will increase of and Decrease voltage.
To get a good weld should:
Electrical machinery classified AC DC welding machines and welding machine, welding machine, air conditioning is usually a welding transformer, welding machines DC while besides transformers equipped with a diode rectifier or (Changer alternating current into direct current) motor drive Typically uses either diesel or petrol motors and electric motors. That AC welding machine uses a transformer or welding transformer.
Currently Widely used welding machines DC Because DC has
some of the advantages of the AC welding machine, Such as arc stability,
polarity can be set.
Welding DCSP (Direct Current Straight Polarity) or welding Straight Polarity.
If the base material or the material to be welded is connected to the positive pole (+) and the electrode connected with negative polarity (-) on the DC welding machine in this way is called straight polarity welding or DCSP.
In this way the electric arc moves from the electrode to the base material so That the collision of electrons in the base material resulting in 2/3 heat in the base material and the third heat in the electrode. This method will result in melting of the base material so That more than the electrode results have deep penetration welding, so That both are used in welding a slow and narrow weld bead and for a thick plate. Welding DCRP (Direct Current Reversed Polarity) Welding or reverse polarity. With the welding process in this way connected with the base material of negative polarity (-) and the electrode connected with the positive pole (+) of DC welding machine, and so-called DCRP arc moves from the electrode base material and the electron collision resulting in electrode 2/3 heat at the electrode and the third heat in the base material.
This method will Produce more That so the melting electrode has a shallow penetration welds, and both are used in welding of thin plates with the weld bead width.
Welding AC (alternating current) or alternating current to alternating current electric welding there is no positive and negative poles (two both the same) and therefore the connection behind the inverted REMAIN the same results. Each pole will receive 50% of heat penetration and consequently normal.
Electrode welding
Most of the SMAW welding electrode coated by a layer of flux, the which serves as a gas-forming fluid That Protects the metal from the surrounding water Contamination. In Addition fluk also useful for forming weld slag That also serve to protect the weld from the air surrounding liquid. Electrode layer is a mixture of chemicals That the composition as needed welding. According to the AWS (American Welding Society) electrodes are classified with the letter E and Followed by four or five digit Following E. The first two digits or three digits indicate tensile strength welds three digits indicate
over 100 000 psi tensile strength while the two digits indicate the weld tensile strength of less than 100 000 psi. For example, electrode E 6013 has a tensile strength of 60.000 psi (42 Kg/mm2). While the third or fourth digit figure for a Greater tensile strength 100 000 psi (70 Kg/mm2) next digit position of the welding point, if the numbers mean for all positions. Welding 1, number 2 means the weld flat horizontal or l and 3 show for the welding flat. The last digit indicates the type of chemical mixture of the electrode layer.
To get a good weld should:
- Appropriate electrodes using
- Appropriate type of current
- Type of polarity is correct for the DC current
- Avoid left-right movement during welding welding
- Short form of the arc current, welding doing a steady and regular
- The rate of welding electrodes in accordance with the speed of the melt.
- Electrode freezes / stops welding
- Form an ugly seam welding
- Arc welding current is bad Because It expands
- Moderate membrane electrode / flux is made Generally dariserat
- Wood / cellulose
- Titanium oxide
- + Titanium base compound
- Mn + Fe + Si
- Iron oxide
- CaCO3, the which will form the type of electrode in the form type: E, R, ER, EC, EW, B, RB, RG and F.
- Properties of the materials to be welded
- Welding position
- Connection type
- Number of welding
- Density of the welding connection
- Current types are available.
Electrical machinery classified AC DC welding machines and welding machine, welding machine, air conditioning is usually a welding transformer, welding machines DC while besides transformers equipped with a diode rectifier or (Changer alternating current into direct current) motor drive Typically uses either diesel or petrol motors and electric motors. That AC welding machine uses a transformer or welding transformer.
Currently Widely used welding machines DC Because DC has
some of the advantages of the AC welding machine, Such as arc stability,
polarity can be set.
Welding DCSP (Direct Current Straight Polarity) or welding Straight Polarity.
If the base material or the material to be welded is connected to the positive pole (+) and the electrode connected with negative polarity (-) on the DC welding machine in this way is called straight polarity welding or DCSP.
In this way the electric arc moves from the electrode to the base material so That the collision of electrons in the base material resulting in 2/3 heat in the base material and the third heat in the electrode. This method will result in melting of the base material so That more than the electrode results have deep penetration welding, so That both are used in welding a slow and narrow weld bead and for a thick plate. Welding DCRP (Direct Current Reversed Polarity) Welding or reverse polarity. With the welding process in this way connected with the base material of negative polarity (-) and the electrode connected with the positive pole (+) of DC welding machine, and so-called DCRP arc moves from the electrode base material and the electron collision resulting in electrode 2/3 heat at the electrode and the third heat in the base material.
This method will Produce more That so the melting electrode has a shallow penetration welds, and both are used in welding of thin plates with the weld bead width.
Welding AC (alternating current) or alternating current to alternating current electric welding there is no positive and negative poles (two both the same) and therefore the connection behind the inverted REMAIN the same results. Each pole will receive 50% of heat penetration and consequently normal.
Electrode welding
Most of the SMAW welding electrode coated by a layer of flux, the which serves as a gas-forming fluid That Protects the metal from the surrounding water Contamination. In Addition fluk also useful for forming weld slag That also serve to protect the weld from the air surrounding liquid. Electrode layer is a mixture of chemicals That the composition as needed welding. According to the AWS (American Welding Society) electrodes are classified with the letter E and Followed by four or five digit Following E. The first two digits or three digits indicate tensile strength welds three digits indicate
over 100 000 psi tensile strength while the two digits indicate the weld tensile strength of less than 100 000 psi. For example, electrode E 6013 has a tensile strength of 60.000 psi (42 Kg/mm2). While the third or fourth digit figure for a Greater tensile strength 100 000 psi (70 Kg/mm2) next digit position of the welding point, if the numbers mean for all positions. Welding 1, number 2 means the weld flat horizontal or l and 3 show for the welding flat. The last digit indicates the type of chemical mixture of the electrode layer.
